Itching is the initial hallmark sign of any hot spot. Affected dogs will also experience a localized, well-demarcated area of hair loss surrounded by normal hair, with red skin and a purulent (pus-like) discharge. A crust of dried purulent discharge can form over the area of hair loss in some cases. Hot spots can occur anywhere on the body, but areas near the ear, tail base, and thigh are most commonly affected.
The diagnosis of a hot spot is generally made with consistent clinical signs and exam findings. Microscopic examination of skin swabs or bacterial cultures can definitively confirm the presence of a bacterial skin infection. Infrequently, skin biopsies are necessary to provide a more definitive diagnosis, if a dog does not respond to the initial course of treatment. Physical exam findings will also aid in determining the underlying cause of the hot spot. Ear cytology, anal gland assessment, and thorough flea combing may also be indicated.
Cost will vary depending on the size of the lesion(s) as well as the weight of the dog. Generally, cost may range between $200 and $500 for an exam, treatment and medications.
Most dogs show improvement after a few days of treatment, but it often takes several weeks for a full recovery. Resolution of more severe hot spots can take up to several months.
Regularly monitoring a dog’s skin at home will be needed to track hot spot improvement. Severely affected dogs may require recheck appointments with their veterinarians after a few weeks of treatment.
Closely monitor a dog’s skin for changes at home. Hot spots can progress rapidly, so regularly tracking changes at home is best to catch a hot spot before it becomes large and more severely infected. Regular use of flea and tick prevention, grooming, and ear cleaning at home can also be helpful
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